The dataset comprises of chronostratigraphic data from the Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, South Shetland Islands. The data consists of Radiocarbon (C-14) ages, which were obtained by Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) dating of marine mollusc shells, terrestrial mosses and seaweed layers embedded in sediments, and Cosmogenic Helium-3 (He-3) nuclide surface exposure dating (CSED). The data have been used to constrain deglaciation and climate-glacier dynamics on the Fildes Peninsula. Data collected in this study were funded by: Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra (CICTERRA), the Direccion Nacional del Antartico/Instituto Antartico Argentino (DNA/IAA) in the framework of the Project PICTA, 2011 - 0102, IAA "Geomorfologia y Geologia Glaciar del Archipielago James Ross e Islas Shetland del Sur, Sector Norte de la Peninsula Antartica"; the Alfred Wegener Institute (AWI) research program Polar regions and Coasts in a changing Earth System (PACES II); IMCONet (FP7 IRSES, action no. 318718); the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC/BAS-CGS Grant no.81); the NERC/BAS science programmes CACHE-PEP: Natural climate variability - extending the Americas palaeoclimate transect through the Antarctic Peninsula to the pole and GRADES-QWAD: Quaternary West Antarctic Deglaciations. We thank the crews of the Argentine research station "Carlini''" and the adjoined German Dallmann-Labor (AWI) Laboratory, the Uruguayan research station "Artigas", the Russian Bellingshausen Station, the Chinese Great Wall Station, Base Presidente Eduardo Frei Montalva, the Brazilian Navy Almirante Maximiano, the UK Navy HMS Endurance and NERC/BAS James Clark Ross for logistical support during the 2006, 2011, 2014 and 2015 field seasons.

A Deep sediment trap (3200m) mooring has been deployed in the Southern Ocean, south-west of South Georgia during multiple marine cruises from April 2007 onwards as part of a long-term monitoring and assessment of the status of the marine ecosystems in the region of South Georgia. Measurements were made for sustained observations of zooplankton densities, carbon export and effects of ocean acidification. Standard datasets include profiles from a Conductivity-Temperature-Depth (CTD) analyser and Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP). In addition, data from a deep and shallow sediment trap, current meter, O2 sensor, CO2 sensor and pH sensors were collected. Funding was provided by the Scotia Sea open-ocean observatory (SCOOBIES) project. Data Access is provided via the RELATED DATA SET METADATA links.

This annotated dataset comprises locational data of grey whales in lagoons San Ignacio and Ojo de Liebre in Baja California Sur as detected from Very High Resolution (VHR) satellite imagery in January 2009, 2013 and 2015. Images were manually scanned and whales detected through the use of grids. Additional metadata includes information on image type and model, and whale distinctive characteristics (e.g., fluke or blow). This work supports the '' training'' of machine learning algorithms for automatic detection of whales from satellite imagery. This study formed part of the Ecosystems component of the British Antarctic Survey Polar Science for Planet Earth Programme, funded by The Natural Environment Research Council. The work was supported by the UKRI Centre for Doctoral Training in Application of Artificial Intelligence to the study of Environmental Risks (reference EP/S022961/1).

The data consists of 30 minute observations recorded by an automatic weather station (iWS 18) in Cabinet Inlet on Larsen C Ice Shelf on the Antarctic Peninsula. The iWS consists of a custom-built weather station unit, assembled at the Institute of Marine and Atmospheric research Utrecht (IMAU). There are sensors for air temperature, surface air pressure, relative humidity, as well as a GPS, an acoustic snow height sensor, an ARGOS communication antenna, and three Lithium batteries that fuel the unit when solar radiation is absent. The unit is complemented by a propeller-vane Young anemometer measuring wind direction and speed. Additionally, all radiation fluxes are measured with a Kipp and Zonen CNR4 radiometer. This dataset runs from 25 November 2014 to 13 November 2017. Funding was provided by the NERC grant NE/L005409/1.

This dataset comprises neodymium (Nd) isotopic compositions measured on 145 samples of aragonitic deep-sea corals from the Drake Passage of the Southern Ocean. Most of the samples were previously collected on expeditions NBP0805 and NBP1103 on the RV Nathaniel B. Palmer. The samples include glacial, deglacial and Holocene aged specimens and most are from 0-40 ka BP (thousand years before present) based on uranium-thorium dating. Neodymium isotope analyses were conducted by either thermal ionisation mass spectrometry (TIMS) or multi-collector inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS) in the MAGIC laboratories at Imperial College London by David Wilson, Torben Struve and Tina van de Flierdt. In the modern ocean, dissolved Nd isotopes are a quasi-conservative water mass tracer, while past compositions of seawater are recorded in deep-sea corals. This dataset therefore provides evidence on the proportions of Atlantic versus Pacific waters admixed in the Southern Ocean through time, which places crucial constraints on global deep water chemistry and circulation dynamics during past climate events. Funding was provided by the NERC grant NE/N001141/1. Related datasets are associated with grant NE/N003861/1. Both grants funded the project "Bridging the Timing Gap: Connecting Late Pleistocene Southern Ocean and Antarctic Climate Records".

The chronology of Gentoo penguins on Bird Island, South Georgia has been monitored since 1988 (no data for 1989-90 or 1990-91). 30 nests are marked in the colony at Square Pond, and 40 in the Johnson Beach colony. Regular checks are made to record when eggs are laid and the peak laying date (when 75% of nests have eggs) is calculated. This work was funded by Natural Environment Research Council (UK) core funding to the British Antarctic Survey.

During the austral summer of 2001/02 five thousand line kilometres of airborne radio echo sounding and aeromagnetic data were collected in the region of three tributaries of Slessor Glacier, East Antarctica, which drains into the Filchner Ice Shelf. We present here the processed line aeromagnetic data acquired using scintrex cesium magnetometers mounted on the BAS aerogeophysical equipped Twin Otter. Data are provided as XYZ ASCII line data. Data were colected as part of UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) grant GR3/AFI2/65

This dataset provides supraglacial lake extents and depths as included in the paper by Arthur et al. (in review, Nature Comms.) entitled " Large interannual variability in supraglacial lakes around East Antarctica". Please cite this paper if using this data. This dataset consists of (1) shapefiles of supraglacial lake extents around the East Antarctic Ice Sheet derived from Landsat-8 imagery acquired between January 2014 and 2020 and (2) rasters of supraglacial lake depths derived from Landast-8 imagery acquired over the same period. The datasets presented here were used to analyse the spatial distribution and interannual variability in lake distributions and volume. Funding was provided by NERC DTP grant NE/L002590/1 and NERC grant NE/R000824/1.

This dataset contains annual growth time series for 296 tundra shrubs belonging to 7 species (Salix and Betula genera) collected at the following sites in Northern Canada: Qikiqtaruk-Herschel Island (Yukon Territory), Kluane region (Yukon Territory), Umiujaq (Quebec) and Salluit (Quebec). Each individual time series (raw measurements) is presented along with the species and canopy size of the corresponding shrub. Funding was provided by the NERC grant NE/M016323/1.

A high resolution seamask for regions south of 60S, comprised of a roundel polygon with all land and ice shelves erased.