This dataset consists of estimations of wave parameters, near surface currents and the underlying bathymetry based on X band radar data. These data were used to explore the use of radar to derive nearshore bathymetry at a complex site, at Thorpeness in Suffolk, UK. A Kelvin Hughes 10kW, 9.41 GHz marine X-band radar system was utilised at the field site between August 2015 and April 2017. These data were collected for the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) grant NE/M021564/1- X-band radar applications for coastal monitoring to support improved management of coastal erosion, led by scientists at Bournemouth University, Faculty of Science and Technology.

The dataset comprises 15 hydrographic data profiles, collected by a conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) sensor package, from across the North East Atlantic Ocean (limit 40W) area specifically west of the McGowan Seamount, during August of 1974. A complete list of all data parameters are described by the SeaDataNet Parameter Discovery Vocabulary (PDV) keywords assigned in this metadata record. The data were collected by the Institute of Oceanographic Sciences Wormley Laboratory.

The dataset comprises 6 hydrographic data profiles, collected by a conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) sensor package, from across the Irish Sea and St. George's Channel, Bristol Channel and the Celtic Sea areas including specifically the Nymphe Bank and on the shelf edge in the vicinity of the Goban Spur. The data were collected during April of 1979. A complete list of all data parameters are described by the SeaDataNet Parameter Discovery Vocabulary (PDV) keywords assigned in this metadata record. The data were collected by the Institute of Oceanographic Sciences Wormley Laboratory.

This dataset consists of measurements of underway meteorology, navigation and sea surface hydrography, sound velocity profiles, gravimetrics, swath bathymetry and seismic activity in the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Data were collected by RRS James Cook cruises JC102 (06 – 18 April 2014), JC109 (11 October to 5 November 2014) and JC132 (14 January to 24 February 2016). The data were collected in the Mid-Atlantic Ridge as part of an investigation into the role and extent of detachment faulting at slow-spreading mid-ocean ridges. Sound velocity profiles were created using a Valdeport midas sound probe deployed once on each cruise. Gravity data were collected using a Lacoste_Romberg air-sea gravimeter. Navigation data were collected using an Applanix POSMV system and meteorology and sea surface hydrography were collected using the NMF Surfmet system. Both systems were run through the duration of the cruises, excepting times for cleaning, entering and leaving port, and while alongside. Swath bathymetry data were collected using a Kongsberg EM-120 multibeam echosounder, which was run throughout the duration of each cruise. These cruises formed the field component of NERC Standard Grant project "Role and extent of detachment faulting at slow-spreading mid-ocean ridges". Data were collected with the aim to determine (1) the sub-surface geometry and extent of the detachments beneath the ridge axis, (2) the amount and detailed distribution of magmatic crust, and (3) the asymmetry of spreading rates associated with oceanic core complexes and the volcanic seafloor. The Discovery Science project was composed of Standard Grant reference NE/J022551/1 as the lead grant with child grants NE/J02029X/1, NE/J021741/1. The lead grant, NE/J022551/1, runs from 01 April 2013 to 31 December 2019, and is led by Professor Timothy Reston, University of Birmingham, School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences. Child grant NE/J02029X/1 runs from 01 March 2014 to 31 January 2019 and is led by Professor Christine Peirce, Durham University, Earth Sciences. Finally, child grant NE/J021741/1 runs from 01 January 2014 to 31 December 2018 and is led by Professor Christopher John MacLeod, Cardiff University, School of Earth and Ocean Sciences. All data have been received by BODC as raw files from the RRS James Cook. Underway navigation, meteorology and sea surface hydrography from JC132 and JC102 have been processed using BODC in-house procedures and are available online. JC109 underway as well as sound velocity data for all cruises will be processed and made available online in the near future. Remaining data have been archived and are available as raw files on request.

The OSCAR (Oceanographic and Seismic Characterisation of heat dissipation and alteration by hydrothermal fluids at an Axial Ridge) data set is an interdisciplinary collection of physical oceanography and geophysics measurements. Data collection took place in the Panama Basin, bounded in the north-west by the Cocos Ridge, by the Carnegie Ridge in the south and by South and Central America in the east and north, respectively. Measurements were collected during RRS James Cook cruises JC112 and JC113 (05/12/2014 to 16/01/2015), RRS James Cook cruise JC114 (22/01/2015 to 08/03/2015) and RV Sonne cruise SO328 (06/02/2015 to 06/03/2015). The project investigated the effect of the cooling of young oceanic crust close to a mid-ocean ridge. It is here that rapid cooling is dominated by hydrothermal circulation of seawater through the crust, which is then discharged into the ocean along the ridge. Once in the ocean, released heated seawater mixes with the ambient cold water to form a plume, which provides a mechanism to lift the densest waters away from the bottom boundary layer. Data were collected using Bottom Pressure Recorder, Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP), Magnetotelluric Lander, CTD, Vertical Microstructure Profiler, Synthetic Aperture Radar, Ocean-bottom seismograph and Multibeam echosounder. Measurement of salinity, oxygen and helium were also made and zooplankton samples collected with vertical net casts. This multidisciplinary, collaborative research project was led by Professor Richard Hobbs at the Department of Earth Science, University of Durham, UK and funded by Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) grant NE/I027010/1.

This dataset contains visual and physical analyses of the impacts of ocean acidification on the skeletons of the cold-water coral <em>Lophelia pertusa</em>. Visual analysis includes synchrotron images from the Diamond Light Source and electron back scatter diffraction images on polished coral skeletons. Physical analyses include Raman spectroscopy data. Skeletal samples analysed were from the Southern California Bight (SCB), USA, and the Mingulay Reef Complex (MRC), UK. SCB samples were collected in 2010, 2014 and 2015. MRC samples were collected in 2012. Samples from the SCB were taken using a ROV at varying depths covering an environmental gradient with respect to aragonite saturation. Each sample represents an aggregation of <em>Lophelia pertusa</em> that was sampled with a basket attached to the ROV. The samples were transported to the surface and subsampled for live, ethanol preserved, frozen, and dried samples. Carbonate chemistry parameters of the water column were collected at the same time using a CTD and include temperature, salinity, oxygen, DIC, pH, and total alkalinity. Coral samples from the MRC were subjected to long term experimentation in projected future conditions. The conditions for MRC samples are outlined in Hennige et al. 2015. The coral samples were also analysed using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and these images are held at BODC and can be requested through this record. RAMAN spectroscopy and Electron Back Scatter Diffraction (EBSD) analysis was also used to further examine the corals under future projections of climate change. Ocean acidification is a threat to cold-water coral reefs in terms of dissolution to their skeletons, and their subsequent structural stability. This will likely determine the stability of the habitats they form. Work in the Southern California Bight was funded by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science. The study was supported by Diamond Light Source (DLS) experimental campaigns MT19794 and MT20412. This work was supported by an Independent Research Fellowship from the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) to Sebastian Hennige (NE/K009028/1 and NE/K009028/2) and the MASTS pooling initiative (The Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland), funded by the Scottish Funding Council (grant reference HR09011) and contributing institutions. Experimental incubations for N. Atlantic corals were supported by the UK Ocean Acidification programme (NE/H017305/1 awarded to John Murray Roberts). Imaging analysis by Uwe Wolfram and Alexander Groetsch were supported by Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) of the UK under grant number EP/P005756/1.

The dataset comprises 41 hydrographic data profiles, collected by a conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) sensor package, from across the North Sea area specifically the stratified region Oyster Ground, during September and October of 2003. A complete list of all data parameters are described by the SeaDataNet Parameter Discovery Vocabulary (PDV) keywords assigned in this metadata record. The data were collected by the Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science Lowestoft Laboratory.

The dataset comprises the combination of estimates of anthropogenic carbon derived from hydrographic occupations of the 26N section with volume transports for the area between east USA and Africa calculated using the RAPID-MOCHA-WBTS AMOC timeseries. The data cover the time period between April 2004 and October 2012. The observations will be used with data from other sources to determine and interpret the accumulation of anthropogenic carbon in the North Atlantic, to infer the magnitude and variability of uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, and assess the risk of changes in the meridional overturning circulation on the marine carbon cycle. The Atlantic Biogeochemical Fluxes programme (ABC-Fluxes) is a joint effort between NERC in the UK (Principal Investigator Elaine McDonagh), and NOAA in the USA (Molly Baringer). It builds on the work of the RAPID-MOCHA-WBTS programme, a joint effort between NERC in the UK (Principal Investigator Eleanor Frajka-Williams), NOAA (Molly Baringer) and RSMAS (Bill Johns) in the USA. The Atlantic anthropogenic carbon transport (and its components), calculated from the above data, are held by BODC in NetCDF format.

This dataset contains particle flux analyses and current measurements collected from sediment traps and associated moored current meter instrumentation. Four McLane sediment traps were deployed in the Iceland Basin (by the Ocean Weather Station India) in a mesoscale array around 60 degrees N 20 degrees W to sample particle flux time series between November 2006 - July 2007 and August 2007 - June 2008. Sediment traps were deployed with Aanderaa RCM8 current meters 15 m below the traps, recording current speed and direction once an hour. The sediment traps were initially deployed during RRS Discovery cruise D312 and recovered on RRS Discovery cruise D321. For the second deployment period the traps were deployed on RRS Discovery cruise D321 and recovered on RRS Discovery cruise D340. The first sediment traps were prepared for analysis by scientists shortly after recovery. The second deployment samples were stored in the dark at 4 degrees Celsius until 2016 and were subsequently analysed. All sediment trap samples are preserved with formalin and hence should not be affected by long time storage. The samples were analysed for mass flux, particulate organic carbon (POC) and nitrogen (PON) flux, calcium carbonate flux, biogenic silica flux (including dissolved contribution for deployment 2), strontium flux (including Acantharian cyst fractions for deployment 1 and 2 and particulate fractions for deployment 2). The samples from the latter part of deployment 2 are thought to have severely under collected and so those data are flagged. The dataset was produced for the purposes of calculating sediment fluxes in the Iceland Basin and was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) - Oceans 2025 Programme (Grant number NE/L002531/1).

This dataset was collected on the cruise JC136 in May and June 2016. This cruise is associated with a NERC joint standard research grant (NE/K011855/1 and NE/K013513/1) entitled “Influence of population connectivity on depth-dependent diversity of deep-sea marine benthic biota”. The aims of the project are to investigate connectivity among deep-sea populations at different depths and spatial scales using: 1) larval dispersal modelling using Lagrangian particle tracking, driven by hydrographic models, 2) population genetics/genomics, and 3) benthic community analysis. The aims of cruise JC136 were then to sample a range of sites and depth bands to: 1. obtain physical samples of 4 model organisms for molecular analysis, 2. gather benthic biological survey data for community level analysis, 3. collect oceanographic data to validate high-resolution oceanographic models with which we will model larval dispersal. The chief scientists of this cruise were Kerry Howell (University of Plymouth School of Marine Science and Engineering) and Michelle L Taylor (University of Oxford Department of Zoology). This dataset contains a variety of navigation data (position, heading, bathymetry), atmospheric measurements (air temperature, wind speed and direction, irradiance and humidity) and sea surface hydrographic data (transmittance, chlorophyll fluorescence, sea surface temperature and conductivity). Data were collected in the NE Atlantic (Rockall Bank, George Bligh Bank, Anton Dohrn Seamount, Wyville-Thomson Ridge, Rosemary Bank) from 27 ROV dives, 12 AUV missions, 43 CTD casts, 2 mooring deployments and equipment trials. All cruise aims were broadly met. 3630 biological samples were obtained, including sufficient depth and site coverage for molecular analysis of 3 target species. Video transect data was also obtained, with sufficient replication and depth stratification from 3 sites and near complete sampling from a 4th. This cruise provides sufficient oceanographic data to validate our models. In addition, 5811.66 km2 of seafloor multibeam was collected to contribute to ongoing efforts to map the North Atlantic, including the first multibeam from the Geike Slide and Hebridean Slope Nature Conservation Marine Protected Area (NCMPA). Poor visibility at the seabed prevented a planned resurvey of the Darwin Mounds Marine Protected Area (MPA).