The ESA Climate Change Initiative Aerosol project has produced a number of global aerosol Essential Climate Variable (ECV) products from a set of European satellite instruments with different characteristics. This dataset comprises Level 3 daily and monthly aerosol products from the AATSR instrument on the ENVISAT satellite, using the Swansea University (SU) algorithm, version 4.3. Data is available for the period 2002 - 2012. For further details about these data products please see the documentation.

This dataset contains monthly-averaged land surface temperatures (LSTs) and their uncertainty estimates from multiple Infra-Red (IR) instruments on satellites in Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) and Low Earth Orbiting (LEO) sun-synchronous (a.k.a. polar orbiting) satellites. Satellite land surface temperatures are skin temperatures, which means, for example, the temperature of the ground surface in bare soil areas, the temperature of the canopy over forests, and a mix of the soil and leaf temperature over sparse vegetation. The skin temperature is an important variable when considering surface fluxes of, for instance, heat and water. LST fields are provided at 3 hourly intervals each day (00:00 UTC, 03:00 UTC, 06:00 UTC, 09:00 UTC, 12:00 UTC, 15:00 UTC, 18:00 UTC and 21:00 UTC). Per pixel uncertainty estimates are given in two forms, first, an estimate of the total uncertainty for the pixel and second, a breakdown of the uncertainty into components by correlation length. Also provided in the files, on a per pixel basis, are the observation time, the satellite viewing and the solar geometry angles. The product is based on merging of available GEO data and infilling with available LEO data outside of the GEO discs. Inter-instrument biases are accounted for by cross-calibration with the IASI instruments on METOP and LSTs are retrieved using a Generalised Split Window algorithm from all instruments. As data towards the edge of the GEO disc is known to have greater uncertainty, any datum with a satellite zenith angle of more than 60 degrees is discarded. All LSTs included have an observation time that lies within +/- 30 minutes of the file nominal Universal Time. Data from the following instruments is included in the dataset: geostationary, Imagers on Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) 12 and GOES 13, Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) on GOES 16, Spinning Enhanced Visible Infra-Red Imager (SEVIRI) on Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) 1, MSG 2, MSG 3, and MSG 4, Japanese Advanced Meteorological Imager (JAMI) on Multifunctional Transport Satellite MTSAT) 1, and MTSAT 2; and polar, Advanced Along-Track Scanning Radiometer (AATSR) on Environmental Satellite (Envisat), Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on Earth Observation System (EOS) - Aqua and EOS - Terra, Sea and Land Surface Temperature Radiometer SLSTR on Sentinel-3A and Sentinel-3B. However, it should be noted that which instruments contribute to a particular product file depends on depends on mission start and end dates and instrument downtimes. Dataset coverage starts on 1st January 2009 and ends on 31st December 2020. LSTs are provided on a global equal angle grid at a resolution of 0.05° longitude and 0.05° latitude. The dataset coverage is nominally global over the land surface but varies depending on satellite and instrument availability and coverage. Furthermore, LSTs are not produced where clouds are present since under these circumstances the IR radiometer observes the cloud top which is usually much colder than the surface. The dataset was produced by the University of Leicester (UoL) and data were processed in the UoL processing chain. The Geostationary data were produced by the Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA) before being merged into the final dataset. The dataset was produced as part of the ESA Land Surface Temperature Climate Change Initiative which strives to improve satellite datasets to Global Climate Observing System (GCOS) standards.

The CO2_SCI_WFMD dataset comprises level 2, column-averaged dry-air mole fractions (mixing ratios) of carbon dioxide (XCO2) from the SCanning Imaging Absorption spectroMeter for Atmospheric CHartographY (SCIAMACHY) on board the European Space Agency's environmental research satellite ENVISAT. It has been produced using the Weighting Function Modified DOAS (WFM-DOAS) algorithm, by the ESA Greenhouse Gases Climate Change Initiative (GHG_cci) project. The WFM-DOAS algorithm is a least-squares method based on scaling pre-selected atmospheric vertical profiles. Note that this has been designated as an 'alternative' algorithm for the GHG_cci and another XCO2 product has also been generated from the SCIAMACHY data using the baseline algorithm (the Bremen Optimal Estimation DOAS (BESD) algorithm). It is advised that users who aren't sure whether to use the baseline or alternative product use the product generated with the BESD baseline algorithm. For more information regarding the differences between baseline and alternative algorithms please see the GHG-CCI data products webpage. The data product is stored per day in seperate NetCDF-files (NetCDF-4 classic model). The product files contain the key products, i.e. the retrieved column-averaged dry air mole fractions for XCO2, several other useful parameters and additional information relevant to using the data e.g. the averaging kernels. For further information on the product, including details of the WFMD algorithm, the SCIAMACHY instrument and issues associated with the data please see the associated product user guide (PUG) or the Algorithm Theoretical Basis Documents in the documentation section.

The ESA Climate Change Initiative Aerosol project has produced a number of global aerosol Essential Climate Variable (ECV) products from a set of European satellite instruments with different characteristics. This dataset comprises the Level 2 aerosol products from MERIS for 2008, using the ALAMO algorithm, version 2.2. The data have been provided by Hygeos. For further details about these data products please see the linked documentation.

This dataset consists of a global collection of land surface air temperature data from meteorological stations covering the period from 1850-2015. It has been compiled as part of the European Union Horizon 2020 EUSTACE (EU Surface Temperature for All Corners of Earth) project. This version 1.1 is an update to the v1.0 dataset that fixes a bug in the time values in the original files; the data is otherwise identical. The dataset provides daily maximum and minimum temperatures from stations globally, brought together from a number of public databases: Global Historical Climatology Network Daily Temperatures (GHCN-D); European Climate Assessment & Dataset (ECA&D) non-blended; International Surface Temperature Initiative (ISTI); DECADE (Data on Climate and Extreme weather for the Central Andes); and ERA-CLIM (European Reanalysis of Global Climate Observations). These data have then been quality controlled through the removal of duplicates and unreliable data sources, and come with a large amount of additional information on quality, homogeneity and resolution. These data are available for non-commercial use.

Solar-induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence (SIF) data created from the Greenhouse Gas Observing Satellite (GOSAT) Level 1B data using an adapted version of the University of Leicester Full-Physics retrieval scheme (UoL-FP). These dataset contains both Level 2 and Level 3 S-polarised SIF. The Level 2 data are in daily files and are not averaged, whilst the Level 3 data are averaged spatially and temporally on both a monthly and weekly timescale. The SIF data was derived from L1B data from the TANSO-FTS ( Thermal and Near Infrared Sensor for carbon Observation - Fourier Transform Spectrometer) instrument on the GOSAT satellite. For each GOSAT sounding, the S-polarised spectra have been extracted from two narrow micro-windows outside the Oxygen A-band, at around 755 nm and 772 nm. For more information on the retrieval setup and bias correction, please see "Novel Methods for Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Retrieval from the JAXA GOSAT and NASA OCO-2 Satellites - Part II: Remote Sensing of Chlorophyll Fluorescence" by Peter Somkuti.

The ESA Climate Change Initiative Aerosol project has produced a number of global aerosol Essential Climate Variable (ECV) products from a set of European satellite instruments with different characteristics. This dataset comprises Level 2 aerosol products from the AATSR instrument on ENVISAT, derived using the ADV algorithm, version 2.31. Data is available for the period 2002-2012. For further details about these data products please see the linked documentation.

Part of the European Space Agency's (ESA) Greenhouse Gases (GHG), the XCO2 EMMA product comprises a level 2, column-averaged dry-air mole fraction (mixing ratio) for carbon dioxide (CO2). The product has been produced by applying the ensemble median algorithm EMMA to level 2 data of 7 XCO2 retrievals from the Japanese Greenhouse gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT) and the SCanning Imaging Absorption spectroMeter for Atmospheric CHartographY (SCIAMACHY) on board the European Space Agency's environmental research satellite ENVISAT. This is therefore a merged SCIAMACHY and GOSAT XCO2 Level 2 product, primarily used as a comparison tool to assess the level of agreement / disagreement of the various input products (for model-independent global comparison, i.e. for comparisons not restricted to TCCON validation sites and independent of global model data). This version of the product covers 4 years. For further information on the product and the EMMA algorithm please see the EMMA website, the GHG-CCI Data Products webpage or the Product Validation and Intercomparison Report (PVIR) in the documentation section. The GHG-CCI team encourage all users of their products to register with them to receive information on any updates or issues regarding the data products and to receive notification of new product releases. To register, please use the following link: http://www.iup.uni-bremen.de/sciamachy/NIR_NADIR_WFM_DOAS/CRDP_REG/

This dataset contains monthly-averaged land surface temperatures (LSTs) and their uncertainty estimates from the Sea and Land Surface Temperature Radiometer (SLSTR) on Sentinel 3A. Satellite land surface temperatures are skin temperatures, which means, for example, the temperature of the ground surface in bare soil areas, the temperature of the canopy over forests, and a mix of the soil and leaf temperature over sparse vegetation. The skin temperature is an important variable when considering surface fluxes of, for instance, heat and water. Daytime and night-time temperatures are provided in separate files corresponding to the morning and evening Sentinel-3A equator crossing times which are 10:00 and 22:00 local solar time. Per pixel uncertainty estimates are given in two forms, first, an estimate of the total uncertainty for the pixel and second, a breakdown of the uncertainty into components by correlation length. Also provided in the files, on a per pixel basis, are the observation time, the satellite viewing and solar geometry angles, a quality flag, and land cover class. The dataset coverage is global over the land surface. LSTs are provided on a global equal angle grid at a resolution of 0.01° longitude and 0.01° latitude. SLSTRA achieves full Earth coverage in 1 day so the daily files have gaps where the surface is not covered by the satellite swath during day or night on that day. Furthermore, LSTs are not produced where clouds are present since under these circumstances the IR radiometer observes the cloud top which is usually much colder than the surface. Dataset coverage starts on 1st May 2016 and ends on 31st December 2020. There are minor interruptions (1-10 days) during satellite/instrument maintenance periods or instrument anomalies. The dataset was produced by the University of Leicester (UoL) and LSTs were retrieved using the (UoL) LST retrieval algorithm and data were processed in the UoL processing chain. The dataset was produced as part of the ESA Land Surface Temperature Climate Change Initiative which strives to improve satellite datasets to Global Climate Observing System (GCOS) standards.

The CH4_GOS_OCFP dataset is comprised of level 2, column-averaged dry-air mole fractions (mixing ratios) of methane (XCH4). It has been produced using data acquired from the Thermal and Near Infrared Sensor for Carbon Observations (TANSO-FTS) NIR and SWIR spectra, onboard the Japanese Greenhouse gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT), using the University of Leicester Full-Physics Retrieval Algorithm. It has been generated as part of the European Space Agency (ESA) Greenhouse Gases Climate Change Initiative (GHG_cci) project. This version is version 2.1 and forms part of the Climate Research Data Package 4. The University of Leicester Full-Physics Retrieval Algorithm is based on the original Orbiting Carbon Observatory (OCO) Full Physics Retrieval Algorithm and has been modified for use on GOSAT spectra. A second GOSAT CH4 product, generated using the SRFP algorithm, is also available. The XCH4 product is stored in NetCDF format with all GOSAT soundings on a single day stored in one file. For further information, including details of the OCFP algorithm and the TANSO-FTS instrument, please see the associated product user guide (PUG).