Temperature data were collected from a tidepool at Rothera Point, Antarctica every two minutes from February 1999 to May 2000, with the aim of documenting tidal, diurnal and seasonal variability.

Marine debris washed up on beaches on Goudier Island has been recorded since 2014. Surveys are conducted on a monthly basis when the station is occupied during the summer season. This data contributes to the Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR) Marine Debris programme.

The data include size, sex, location and morphological measurements and of Muraenolepis specimens included in Fitzcharles et al. (2021). The morphometric data were primarily collected from fish captured during South Georgia Groundfish Surveys in 2003, 2004 and 2005, with additional data obtained from type specimens and extracted from published descriptions of Muraenolepididae. For genetic studies, tissue samples from the South Georgia specimens were supplemented by additional tissue samples from Muraenolepis in other parts of the Southern Ocean. Source, location and depth of capture are included for all specimens that were sequenced, together with sequence Accession Numbers (to the DNA Database of Japan) for Cox 1 and 16S rRNA sequences. The work was primarily funded by the Government of South Georgia & the South Sandwich Islands and was a component part of Elaine Fitzcharles'' PhD (University of St Andrews).

Water column acoustic data collected in the Amundsen and Bellingshausen Seas (from 2008-02-26 to 2008-04-10) during cruise JR179. Multi-frequency (38,120 and 200 kHz) acoustic data were collected using a Simrad EK60 echo sounder. The dataset comprises of calibrated and processed 38 kHz volume backscattering strength (Sv, dB re 1m-1). Data processing was undertaken using Echoview and Matlab. Processed netCDF data files are made available as part of the NERC Southern Ocean Network of Acoustics (SONA) and the EU MESOPP project.

This dataset contains processed acoustic backscatter data that reflect integrated density estimates for Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba). The acoustic backscatter data are from the Western Core Box (WCB), comprising 8 acoustic transects that span the shelf-break at South Georgia. The data were obtained from a time series of 22 cruises carried out between 1996/97 and 2019/20. Data were collected using either a Simrad EK500 or EK60 echo sounder by biological oceanographers working at the British Antarctic Survey under the Ecosystems scientific research programme and predecessor Discovery 2010 and Dynamo research programmes. Funding was provided by the NERC/BAS Antarctic, Logistic, Infrastructure (ALI) Science and predecessor Long Term Monitoring Science research programmes.

Water column acoustic data collected in the Scotia Sea (from 2011-12-30 to 2012-01-16) during cruise JR260. Multi-frequency (38,120 and 200 kHz) acoustic data were collected using a Simrad EK60 echo sounder. The dataset comprises of calibrated and processed 38 kHz volume backscattering strength (Sv, dB re 1m-1). Data processing was undertaken using Echoview and Matlab. Processed netCDF data files are made available as part of the NERC Southern Ocean Network of Acoustics (SONA) and the EU MESOPP project.

Macrozooplankton and nekton were collected with a Rectangular Midwater Trawl 25 (RMT25) at locations within the Benguela Current region in May and June 2018. The work was carried out as part of the NERC Large Grant, COMICS (Controls on Mesopelagic Interior Carbon) on board the RRS Discovery (cruise DY090). Depth-discrete samples were collected across four time stations (BS1, BN1-3) between 0-750 m at intervals of 750-500m, 500-250m, 250-125m and 125-10 m. At each time station, two RMT25 hauls were deployed in the hours of darkness and two in daylight, with 16 deployments being undertaken overall. The RMT25 was operated via a downwire net monitor and was equipped with a flow meter, and temperature and salinity sensors. Nets in the deep strata (750-500m and 500-250m) were sampled for approximately 40 mins. and nets in the shallow strata (250-125m, 125-10m) for approximately 20mins. Catches were immediately sorted on board and identified to the lowest taxonomic level feasible. All fishes and subsamples of the other parts of the catch were retained (frozen), principally for subsequent biochemical and physiological analyses. In total, 1917 fish were caught and preserved (not including Cyclothone spp.). Catches were dominated by the myctophids and various other mesopelagic fish species. The water column below 250m was dominated by Bathylagus spp. and genus Melamphidae spp. The most numerous fish overall were the Cyclothone spp. which occurred in large numbers below 500m. In deeper depth intervals (250m-750m), the macrozooplankton component of the RMT25 net catches was mostly dominated by Decapoda and hydromedusae of the genus Atolla spp.. Salps, smaller hydromedusa species and small euphausiids Euphausia hanseni and Nematocelis megalops dominated the shallower depths (10-250m).

This is a physiological dataset for the Southern Patagonian limpet, Nacella deaurata. The limpets were collected from 2-6m depth in the Straits of Magellan near to Punta Arenas (53.164 S, 70.917 W) between Nov and the end of Jan 2018-19. A 2 month feeding experiment maintained N. deaurata at 1,4,8,11 and 14 degree Celsius for 2 months. Ingestion rate, absorption efficiency, absorption rate, oxygen consumption (uptake), scope for growth and mortality were measured. The thermal reaction norm for duration tenacity of field fresh subtidal and intertidal limpets, as well as subtidal limpets that were incubated at 8 degree Celsius for 2 months was investigated. The thermal reaction norm of radula scraping rates of field fresh limpets was measured. This work was funded by the Center FONDAP-IDEAL 15150003, ANID Chile and NERC core funding to the British Antarctic Survey.

Collection and preservation of open ocean water samples from stations along a transect in the Barents Sea over the course of a year from July 2017 - July 2018. Four cruises in total to cover seasonal changes, two on board the James Clark Ross (RRS) and two aboard the Helmer Hansen (RV). A standard CTD cast was deployed to collect the samples, the depths were selected to support Primary Production experiments on board the ship, with deep samples representing 1% PAR. Research assistants from SAMS (Scottish Association for Marine Science) were responsible for the sample collection and Elaine Mitchell of SAMS was responsible for the sample analysis and data processing. This work was funded by Arctic PRIZE - NERC Thematic grant - Changing Arctic Ocean (CAO) programme - NE/P006302/1.

Water column acoustic data collected in the Scotia Sea (from 2013-11-15 to 2013-12-18) during cruise JR291. Multi-frequency (38,120 and 200 kHz) acoustic data were collected using a Simrad EK60 echo sounder. The dataset comprises of calibrated and processed 38 kHz volume backscattering strength (Sv, dB re 1m-1). Data processing was undertaken using Echoview and Matlab. Processed netCDF data files are made available as part of the NERC Southern Ocean Network of Acoustics (SONA) and the EU MESOPP project.