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  • This dataset contains a map of ground movements covering the Afar Rift Zone in Ethiopia, Eritrea, and Djibouti for the time period between October 2014 and August 2019. The Afar region is located where three tectonic plates are pulling apart, creating rift segments which are 50-100 km long. Surface deformation on these segments is not constant in time, with episodes of rifting occurring periodically and magma intrusions causing sudden ground movements. We use frequent Sentinel-1 satellite Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) observations to measure surface displacements through time across the whole region. We relate these to ground based Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) observations and combine data from different satellite tracks to produce maps of the average surface velocity in three directions (perpendicular to the rift zone, parallel to the rift zone, and vertical). The continued observation of these time-varying ground movements is important for understanding how continents break up, with data here providing evidence of how tightly focussed extension is around the rift segments and of the subsurface magma movement at several volcanic centres.

  • During the 2014/2015 season six temporary GNSS stations were deployed on rocky outcrops west of the former Larsen B ice shelf by the University of Leeds and BAS, in the region of the Flask and Leppard Glaciers. This was carried out as part of the NERC funded UKANET project. This is an area we have targeted with a space-based technique called radar interferometry (InSAR), which can provide dense measurements of uplift rates, and the temporary GNSS network were deployed to better understand the contribution of atmospheric noise to the InSAR results. Four were taken out in the same season, while the other two were pulled in the 2015/2016 season. Funding was provided by NERC grant NE/L006065/1.

  • This dataset contains the post-processed GNSS/INS buoy data for a kinematic correction of a moving base station. The GNSS/INS buoys were deployed on sea ice during the 2019-20 MOSAiC expedition. These buoys recorded raw GNSS/INS data at a sampling rate of 10 Hz. For the kinematic correction, two buoys (with overlapping measurements of each other) were selected, and one of the buoys was used as a moving "base" and the other as the "rover". The post-processed dataset contains kinematically corrected latitude, longitude and velocity of the rover, as well as the baseline distance between the rover and base. The main objective of the kinematic correction is to create high-precision and high-frequency data to measure ice dynamics at a few centimetre accuracies. The buoys were assembled by the University of Huddersfield team and the deployment was done by the MOSAiC ice team throughout the expedition. This work was funded by NERC MOSAiC program NE/S002545/1.

  • This dataset contains the raw data from GNSS/INS (Global Navigation Satellite System/Inertial Navigation System) buoys deployed during the 2019-2020 MOSAiC expedition. These buoys recorded the data from GNSS and Sensors. The raw GNSS data contain time, latitude, longitude, velocity, and fix type. The raw Sensors data contain time, acceleration, gyroscope, magnetometer, and temperature. These data were sampled at 10 Hz. The original data was in ANPP format (see advancednavigation.com), which have been converted to structured ASCII formats (such as RINEX, CSV) using Spatial Manager software. The buoys were assembled by the University of Huddersfield team and the deployment was done by the MOSAiC ice team throughout the expedition. This work was funded by NERC MOSAiC program NE/S002545/1.