Data for Figure 3.25 from Chapter 3 of the Working Group I (WGI) Contribution to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Sixth Assessment Report (AR6). Figure 3.25 shows CMIP6 potential temperature and salinity biases for the global ocean, Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. --------------------------------------------------- How to cite this dataset --------------------------------------------------- When citing this dataset, please include both the data citation below (under 'Citable as') and the following citation for the report component from which the figure originates: Eyring, V., N.P. Gillett, K.M. Achuta Rao, R. Barimalala, M. Barreiro Parrillo, N. Bellouin, C. Cassou, P.J. Durack, Y. Kosaka, S. McGregor, S. Min, O. Morgenstern, and Y. Sun, 2021: Human Influence on the Climate System. In Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R. Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 423–552, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.005. --------------------------------------------------- Figure subpanels --------------------------------------------------- There are panels (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f), (g), (h). The data is in respective subdirectories. --------------------------------------------------- List of data provided --------------------------------------------------- The dataset contains modelled and observational ocean data (1981-2010) for different ocean basins (global, Atlantic, Pacific, Indian):  - Potential temperature from WOA18 observations - Salinity from WOA18 observations - Potential temperature bias (CMIP6 - WOA18) - Salinity bias (CMIP6 - WOA18) --------------------------------------------------- Data provided in relation to figure --------------------------------------------------- Panel a - panel_a/potential_temperature_bias_global_panel_a.nc: data for colored filled contours showing temperature bias from 1981 to 2010 - panel_a/WOA_potential_temperature_global_panel_a.nc: data for black contours showing WOA18 temperature from 1981 to 2010 Panel b - panel_b/salinity_bias_global_panel_b.nc:  data for colored filled contours showing salinity bias from 1981 to 2010 - panel_b/WOA_salinity_global_panel_b.nc: data for black contours showing WOA18 salinity from 1981 to 2010 Panel c - panel_c/potential_temperature_bias_atlantic_panel_c.nc: data for colored filled contours showing temperature bias from 1981 to 2010 - panel_c/WOA_potential_temperature_atlantic_panel_c.nc: data for black contours showing WOA18 temperature from 1981 to 2010 Panel d - panel_d/salinity_bias_atlantic_panel_d.nc: data for colored filled contours showing salinity bias from 1981 to 2010 - panel_d/WOA_salinity_atlantic_panel_d.nc: data for black contours showing WOA18 salinity from 1981 to 2010 Panel e - panel_e/potential_temperature_bias_pacific_panel_e.nc: data for colored filled contours showing temperature bias from 1981 to 2010 - panel_e/WOA_potential_temperature_pacific_panel_e.nc:  data for black contours showing WOA18 temperature from 1981 to 2010 Panel f - panel_f/salinity_bias_pacific_panel_f.nc: data for colored filled contours showing salinity bias from 1981 to 2010 - panel_f/WOA_salinity_pacific_panel_f.nc:  data for black contours showing WOA18 salinity from 1981 to 2010 Panel g - panel_g/potential_temperature_bias_indian_panel_g.nc: data for colored filled contours showing temperature bias from 1981 to 2010 - panel_g/WOA_potential_temperature_indian_panel_g.nc:  data for black contours showing WOA18 temperature from 1981 to 2010 Panel h - panel_h/salinity_bias_indian_panel_h.nc: data for colored filled contours showing salinity bias from 1981 to 2010 - panel_h/WOA_salinity_indian_panel_h.nc:  data for black contours showing WOA18 salinity from 1981 to 2010 CMIP6 is the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project. --------------------------------------------------- Sources of additional information --------------------------------------------------- The following weblinks are provided in the Related Documents section of this catalogue record: - Link to the report component containing the figure (Chapter 3) - Link to the Supplementary Material for Chapter 3, which contains details on the input data used in Table 3.SM.1 - Link to the code for the figure, archived on Zenodo.

Variability in temperature, salinity and velocity was observed approximately 1.5 m beneath the base of Thwaites Glacier in the grounding zone region of the Eastern Ice Shelf as part of the International Thwaites Glacier Collaboration MELT project. Using a borehole deployable turbulence instrument cluster, the average temperature, salinity and velocity was observed over a 15-minute period every 2 hours. Funding was provided by NSFPLR-NERC: Melting at Thwaites grounding zone and its control on sea level (THWAITES-MELT) NE/S006761/1.

An update to the shelf seas component of UKCP09 Marine Report (Lowe et al. 2009) funded by the Minerva Project. A Perturbed Physics Ensemble (PPE) of HadCM3 has been downscaled with the shelf seas model POLCOMS. Each of the 11 ensemble members have been downscaled as transient simulations (from 1952-2098) under the SRES A1B emissions scenario. The PPE (QUMP: Quantifying Uncertainty in Model Projections) was designed to span the range of uncertainty associated with model parameter uncertainty in the atmosphere of the driving global climate model. POLCOMS was run at a 12km resolution, with 32 vertical levels using s-coordinates. Monthly statistics of the model results were recorded.

These climate projections for the North-West European Shelf Seas update the shelf seas component of UKCP09 Marine Report (Lowe et al, 2009) and were funded by the MINERVA project. This dataset contains ensemble statistics for model output based on the QUMP (Quantifying Uncertainties in Model Projections) ensemble of HadCM3 (Hadley Centre Coupled Model version 3) runs downscaled with the POLCOMS (Proudman Oceanographic Laboratory Coastal Ocean Modelling System) under SRES A1B (Special Report on Emissons Scenarios - A1B business-as-usual with medium emissions) conditions, from 1952-2098 for which 30-year means anomalies have been calculated from monthly mean data for each of the 12 months. A Perturbed Physics Ensemble (PPE) of HadCM3 has been downscaled with the shelf seas model POLCOMS. Each of the 11 ensemble members has been downscaled as transient simulations (from 1952-2098) under the SRES A1B emissions scenario. The PPE (QUMP) was designed to span the range of uncertainty associated with model parameter uncertainty in the atmosphere of the driving global climate model. POLCOMS was run at 12 km resolution, with 32 vertical levels using s-coordinates over the NW European Shelf Seas domain (-18.3 to 14 degrees East, 43 to 63.56 degrees North). Monthly statistics of the model results were recorded. Further details can be found in Tinker et al (2015).

These climate projections for the North-West European Shelf Seas update the shelf seas component of UKCP09 Marine Report (Lowe et al, 2009) and were funded by the MINERVA project. This dataset contains three ensemble exemplars for model output based on the QUMP (Quantifying Uncertainties in Model Projections) ensemble of HadCM3 (Hadley Centre Coupled Model version 3) runs downscaled with the POLCOMS (Proudman Oceanographic Laboratory Coastal Ocean Modelling System) under SRES A1B (Special Report on Emissons Scenarios - A1B business-as-usual with medium emissions) conditions, from 1952-2098 for which 30-year means anomalies have been calculated from monthly mean data for each of the 12 months. A Perturbed Physics Ensemble (PPE) of HadCM3 has been downscaled with the shelf seas model POLCOMS. Each of the 11 ensemble members has been downscaled as transient simulations (from 1952-2098) under the SRES A1B emissions scenario. The PPE (QUMP) was designed to span the range of uncertainty associated with model parameter uncertainty in the atmosphere of the driving global climate model. POLCOMS was run at 12 km resolution, with 32 vertical levels using s-coordinates over the NW European Shelf Seas domain (-18.3 to 14 degrees East, 43 to 63.56 degrees North). Monthly statistics of the model results were recorded. Further details can be found in Tinker et al (2015).