Historic land surface observations data from the Met Office station network. Data are available for the period 1900 to 1999 for daily measurements. Hourly observations are for now available back to January 1985. The dataset comprises daily and hourly weather measurements, hourly wind parameters, max and min air temperatures, soil temperatures, sunshine duration and radiation measurements and hourly and daily rain measurements. This dataset has been SUPERSEDED BY THE NEW MIDAS Land Surface Stations data (1853-current). It has been retained for reference purposes. Users with access to the MIDAS Land surface stations dataset automatically have access to this dataset as well. The daily data are available online from UK stations in 110 UK regions (mainly counties) over the period 1853 to July 2000. The hourly data are for available from stations in the 110 UK regions also covered by the daily data from 1983 to July 2000.

The World Climate Research Program (WCRP) Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, Phase 6 (CMIP6) data from the the EC-Earth-Consortium team EC-Earth3P-VHR model output for the "all-forcing simulation of the recent past" (historical) experiment. These are available at the following frequency: Amon. The runs included the ensemble member: r1i1p2f1. CMIP6 was a global climate model intercomparison project, coordinated by PCMDI (Program For Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison) on behalf of the WCRP and provided input for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 6th Assessment Report (AR6). The the EC-Earth-Consortium team team consisted of the following agencies: La Agencia Estatal de Meteorología (AEMET), Barcelona Supercomputing Centre (BSC), Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (CNR-ISAC), Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI), Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel (Geomar), Irish Centre for High-End Computing (ICHEC), International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP), Instituto Dom Luiz (IDL), Institute for Marine and Atmospheric research Utrecht (IMAU), Portuguese Institute for Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA), KIT Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), Lund University, Met Eireann, The Netherlands eScience Center (NLeSC), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), University of Oxford, SURFsara, Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI), Stockholm University, Unite ASTR, University College Dublin, University of Bergen, University of Copenhagen, University of Helsinki, University of Santiago de Compostela, Uppsala University, University of Utrecht, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and Wageningen University. The official CMIP6 Citation, and its associated DOI, is provided as an online resource linked to this record.

The World Climate Research Program (WCRP) Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, Phase 6 (CMIP6) data from the the NIMS-KMA team KACE-1-0-G model output for the "all-forcing simulation of the recent past" (historical) experiment. These are available at the following frequency: 3hr. The runs included the ensemble member: r1i1p1f1. CMIP6 was a global climate model intercomparison project, coordinated by PCMDI (Program For Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison) on behalf of the WCRP and provided input for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 6th Assessment Report (AR6). The the NIMS-KMA team team consisted of the following agencies: National Institute of Meteorological Sciences (NIMS) and Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA). The official CMIP6 Citation, and its associated DOI, is provided as an online resource linked to this record.

The World Climate Research Program (WCRP) Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, Phase 6 (CMIP6) data from the the MIROC team MIROC-ES2H model output for the "all-forcing simulation of the recent past" (historical) experiment. These are available at the following frequency: Amon. The runs included the ensemble member: r1i1p1f2. CMIP6 was a global climate model intercomparison project, coordinated by PCMDI (Program For Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison) on behalf of the WCRP and provided input for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 6th Assessment Report (AR6). The the MIROC team team consisted of the following agencies: Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute (AORI), Centre for Climate System Research - National Institute for Environmental Studies (CCSR-NIES) and Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute (AORI). The official CMIP6 Citation, and its associated DOI, is provided as an online resource linked to this record.

The World Climate Research Program (WCRP) Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, Phase 6 (CMIP6) data from the Norwegian Climate Centre (NCC) NorESM2-LM model output for the "all-forcing simulation of the recent past" (historical) experiment. These are available at the following frequency: AERmon. The runs included the ensemble member: r1i1p1f1. CMIP6 was a global climate model intercomparison project, coordinated by PCMDI (Program For Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison) on behalf of the WCRP and provided input for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 6th Assessment Report (AR6). The official CMIP6 Citation, and its associated DOI, is provided as an online resource linked to this record.

The World Climate Research Program (WCRP) Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, Phase 6 (CMIP6) data from the the MIROC team MIROC-ES2L model output for the "all-forcing simulation of the recent past" (historical) experiment. These are available at the following frequency: AERmon. The runs included the ensemble members: r1i1p1f2, r2i1p1f2 and r3i1p1f2. CMIP6 was a global climate model intercomparison project, coordinated by PCMDI (Program For Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison) on behalf of the WCRP and provided input for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 6th Assessment Report (AR6). The the MIROC team team consisted of the following agencies: Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute (AORI), Centre for Climate System Research - National Institute for Environmental Studies (CCSR-NIES) and Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute (AORI). The official CMIP6 Citation, and its associated DOI, is provided as an online resource linked to this record.

The World Climate Research Program (WCRP) Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, Phase 6 (CMIP6) data from the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) CAS-ESM2-0 model output for the "all-forcing simulation of the recent past" (historical) experiment. These are available at the following frequency: Amon. The runs included the ensemble members: r1i1p1f1 and r3i1p1f1. CMIP6 was a global climate model intercomparison project, coordinated by PCMDI (Program For Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison) on behalf of the WCRP and provided input for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 6th Assessment Report (AR6). The official CMIP6 Citation, and its associated DOI, is provided as an online resource linked to this record.

This dataset consists of 5x5 historical simulations (1850-2014) with HadGEM3-GC3.1 (Met Office Hadley Centre Global Coupled model General Circulation 3.1). This is an ensemble dataset, part of the Securing Multidisciplinary UndeRstanding and Prediction of Hiatus and Surge events (SMURPHS) project. The model version used here is a development version of the UK's submission to Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) and differs from the CMIP6 version in its treatment of prescribed ozone. This ensemble was designed to sample a range in plausible historical aerosol forcing, with the present-day aerosol effective radiative forcing ranging from -0.38 W/m2 to -1.5 W/m2, which spans a large range of the total aerosol effective radiative forcing presented in Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report (AR5). The targeted aerosol forcings were achieved by applying a constant scaling factor in space and time to the standard historical CMIP6 historical AA and precursor emissions, namely organic and black carbon (fossil and biofuel) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions. All other forcing agents follow historical CMIP6 emissions. The scalings were chosen such that the targeted aerosol forcings are approximately equally spaced: - 0.2x scaling to give -0.38 W/m2 - 0.4x scaling to give -0.60 W/m2 - 0.7x scaling to give -0.93 W/m2 - 1.0x scaling to give -1.17 W/m2 - 1.5x scaling to give -1.50 W/m2. The scalings required to reach the intended forcing values were determined from 5 10-year atmosphere-only time-slice runs for the year 2014 with pre-industrial sea-surface temperatures. Note that the 1x scaling is not strictly a ‘scaling’ but corresponds to the standard emissions. The configuration for the scaled aerosol simulations was derived from the 1x scaling simulations, therefore these are directly comparable with the only difference being the scaled aerosol emissions. Five simulations were performed for each scaling and the simulations cover the period 1850-2014. The same five initial conditions were used for each scaling sub-ensemble, and the first four correspond to the initial conditions selected for the four CMIP6 historical simulations. These were well spaced in a pre-industrial control simulation and sample different phases of internal variability in both the Pacific and Atlantic. We recommend only analysing data from 1900, as introducing the scaled aerosols in 1850 produces a small initial drift in the climate system. We estimate that most of this drift has been removed by 1900. The reference paper for this dataset is Dittus et al., 2020. Please cite this paper when using the dataset. Dittus, A. J., Hawkins, E., Wilcox, L. J., Sutton, R. T., Smith, C. J., Andrews, M. B. and P. M. Forster, 2020: Sensitivity of historical climate simulations to uncertain aerosol forcing. In press, Geophysical Research Letters

The World Climate Research Program (WCRP) Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, Phase 6 (CMIP6) data from the Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis (CCCma) CanESM5-CanOE model output for the "all-forcing simulation of the recent past" (historical) experiment. These are available at the following frequencies: Amon and fx. The runs included the ensemble members: r1i1p2f1, r2i1p2f1 and r3i1p2f1. CMIP6 was a global climate model intercomparison project, coordinated by PCMDI (Program For Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison) on behalf of the WCRP and provided input for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 6th Assessment Report (AR6). The official CMIP6 Citation, and its associated DOI, is provided as an online resource linked to this record.

The data provided here are the numerical simulation data for the multi-decadal experiment (1960 – 2013 inclusive) for the validation of the upgraded Met Office HadGEM3-A based operational event attribution system for EUCLEIA (European Climate and weather Events: Interpretation and Attribution). Improvements include higher horizontal and vertical resolution (N216 L85) and the latest dynamical core (ENDGame) and land surface model (JULES). External forcings are historical natural variability of solar irradiance and volcanic aerosol optical depth as well as historical anthropogenic prescriptions of GHGs, ozone, aerosols and land use change. SST and SIC lower boundary conditions are provided from the HadISST observational dataset. The experiment comprises a 15 member stochastic physics ensemble using kinetic energy backscatter and randomly perturbed physics schemes. All ensemble members share identical initialisation of the atmospheric state from ERA-40 reanalysis at 0000Z December 1st 1959. Atmospheric data are provided at temporal output resolutions of 3-hourly, 6-hourly, daily and monthly; land data are provided at daily and monthly resolutions.