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climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere

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  • Skin Sea Surface Temperature data from the (A)ATSR Validation Campaign by SISTeR. The prime objective of the (A)ATSR mission is to return accurate measurements of the global sea surface temperature. To ensure the accuracy of the measurement, there have been joint efforts to validate the data. One of these efforts is the (A)ATSR Validation Campaign which involves the deployment of the Scanning Infrared Sea surface Temperature Radiometer (SISTeR). The SISTeR is a self-calibrating radiometer that measures the skin sea surface temperature. The SISTeR was mounted on MS Color Festival and MS Prinsesse Ragnhild to return skin sea surface temperature in the North Sea in 2006, and was on-board RMS Queen Mary 2 collecting data from the Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean and Western Pacific between 2010 and 2014. Data was collected continuously throughout the cruises unless severe weather conditions required the instrument to be protected, which results in the prevention of the data collection.

  • The Met Office NU-WAVE (Ice Nuclearisation in Wave Clouds) project aimed at studying ice crystal nucleation in orographic wave clouds. NU_WAVE was to study the nucleation of ice crystals in orographic wave clouds and its dependence on the physical and chemical properties of the input aerosol. The primary aim was to study heterogeneous nucleation processes acting in the temperature range 0 to -35C (but principally -15 to -35C). Where possible, however, the influence of homogeneous nucleation a temperatures colder than -35C were also studied. It was based on a 2-flight campaign (November 2004) on board the FAAM aircraft. Flights involved penetration of single wave clouds, trains of wave clouds and extensive sheets of cirrus formed by orographic effects.

  • The Contrail Forecast Verification Experiment (COVEX) was a Met Office experiment to validate the new contrail forecasting techniques based on engine parameters and environmental conditions. It was based on a one-flight experiment on board the Facility for Airborne Atmospheric Research (FAAM) aircraft, that took place in December 2004.

  • The European AQUA Thermodynamic Experiment (EAQUATE) was a study of the atmosphere, the land surface and the ocean surface by means of a range of airborne high resolution souders, in conjunction with observations from the Aqua and Aura satellites. The EAQUATE archive held at the British Atmospheric Data Centre (BADC) includes data collected aboard the Facility for Airborne Atmospheric Measurements (FAAM) Bae 146 aircraft based at Cranfield, UK, during four flights in September 2004.

  • Standardised Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) data for Integrated Hydrological Units (IHU) Hydrometric Areas (Kral et al. [1]). SPEI is a drought index based on the probability of occurrence of the Climatic Water Balance (CWB) - which is equivalent to the amount of precipitation minus the amount of evapotranspiration - for a given accumulation period as defined by Vicente-Serrano et al. [2]. SPEI is calculated for different accumulation periods: 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24 months. Each of these is in turn calculated for each of the twelve calendar months. Note that values in monthly (and for longer accumulation periods also annual) time series of the data therefore are likely to be autocorrelated. The standard period which was used to fit the gamma distribution is 1961-2010. The dataset covers the period from 1961 to 2012. [1] Kral, F., Fry, M., Dixon, H. (2015). Integrated Hydrological Units of the United Kingdom: Hydrometric Areas without Coastline. NERC-Environmental Information Data Centre https://doi.org/10.5285/3a4e94fc-4c68-47eb-a217-adee2a6b02b3 [2] Vicente-Serrano, S. M., Beguería, S., & López-Moreno, J. I. (2010) A Multiscalar Drought Index Sensitive to Global Warming: The Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index. J. Climate, 23, 1696-1718. https://doi.org/10.1175/2009JCLI2909.1 Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/19c230b2-415b-456a-9e93-7b00b730a465

  • This is a dataset of environmental data, vegetation cover, and community- and species-level invertebrate herbivory, sampled at 14 experimental soil plots in the Hengill geothermal valley, Iceland, from May to July 2017. The plots span a temperature gradient of 5-35 °C on average over the sampling period, yet they occur within 1 km of each other and have similar soil moisture, pH, nitrate, ammonium, and phosphate. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/da5d7028-2aec-4da2-96ff-f347a0dfa77e

  • 1km and 5km gridded Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) data for Great Britain, which is a drought index based on the probability of precipitation for a given accumulation period as defined by McKee et al. (1993). SPI is calculated for different accumulation periods: 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24 months. Each of these is in turn calculated for each of the twelve calendar months. Note that values in monthly (and for longer accumulation periods also annual) time series of the data therefore are likely to be autocorrelated. The standard period which was used to fit the gamma distribution is 1961-2010. The dataset covers the period from 1961 to 2012. Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/94c9eaa3-a178-4de4-8905-dbfab03b69a0

  • The WATCH Forcing data is a twentieth century meteorological forcing dataset for land surface and hydrological models. It consists of three/six-hourly states of the weather for global half-degree land grid points. It was generated as part of the EU FP 6 project "WATCH" (WATer and global CHange") which ran from 2007-2011. The data was generated in 2 tranches with slightly different methodology: 1901-1957 and 1958-2001, but generally the dataset can be considered as continuous. More details regarding the generation process can be found in the associated WATCH technical report and paper in J. Hydrometeorology. To understand how the data grid is formed it is necessary to read the attached WFD-land-long-lat-z files either in NetCDF or DAT formats. The data covers land points only and excludes the Antarctica. PSurf or surface pressure is the surface pressure (instantaneous) measured in Pa at 6 hourly resolution and 0.5 x 0.5 degrees spatial resolution.

  • [THIS DATASET HAS BEEN WITHDRAWN]. 1km resolution gridded potential evapotranspiration over Great Britain for the years 1961-2012. This dataset contains time series of two potential evapotranspiration variables. The first is potential evapotranspiration (PET) (mm/day) calculated using the Penman-Monteith equation [1] for FAO-defined well-watered grass [2]. The second is potential evapotranspiration with interception correction (PETI) (mm/day), which adds a correction for interception by a well-watered grass on days in which there is rainfall. Both PET and PETI are calculated using the Climate Hydrology and Ecology research Support System meteorology dataset (CHESS-met) meteorological variables [3]. [1] Monteith, J. L.: Evaporation and environment, in: 19th Symposia of the Society for Experimental Biology, University Press, Cambridge, 1965 [2] Allen, R. G., Pereira, L. S., Raes, D., and Smith, M.: Crop evapotranspiration - Guidelines for computing crop water requirements, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy, FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper, 1998. [3] Robinson, E. L., Blyth, E., Clark, D. B., Finch, J., Rudd, A. C. (2015). Climate hydrology and ecology research support system meteorological dataset (1961-2012) [CHESS-met] . NERC-Environmental Information Data Centre https://doi.org/10.5285/80887755-1426-4dab-a4a6-250919d5020c Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/d329f4d6-95ba-4134-b77a-a377e0755653

  • Gridded daily meteorological variables over Great Britain for the years 1961-2019 at 1 km resolution. This dataset contains time series of daily mean values of air temperature (K), specific humidity (kg kg-1), wind speed (m s-1), downward longwave radiation (W m-2), downward shortwave radiation (W m-2), precipitation (kg m-2 s-2) and air pressure (Pa), plus daily temperature range (K). These are the variables required to run the JULES land surface model with daily disaggregation. The data are provided in gridded netCDF files. There is one file for each variable for each month of the dataset. This research has been carried out under national capability funding as part of the NERC Hydro-JULES programme (NE/S017380/1) and under the NERC Changing Water Cycle program (NE/I006087/1). Full details about this dataset can be found at https://doi.org/10.5285/835a50df-e74f-4bfb-b593-804fd61d5eab